Complete Recordings on Archiv Produktion

~ Release by Reinhard Goebel, Musica Antiqua Köln (see all versions of this release, 1 available)

Annotation

A 75-CD collection of Reinhard Goebel's Archiv recordings with Musica Anitqua Köln. Includes a 200-page booklet and original album covers.

Annotation last modified on 2022-11-21 10:51 UTC.

Tracklist

1▶CD: J. S. Bach: Brandenburg Concertos nos. 1-5
2▶CD: J. S. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto no. 6 / Orchestral Suites (Overtures) nos. 1 & 2 / Concerto for Flute, Violin & Harpsichord
3▶CD: J. S. Bach: Orchestral Suites (Overtures) nos. 3 & 4 / Orchestral Suite, BWV 1070
4▶CD: J. S. Bach: Musikalisches Opfer
5▶CD: J. S. Bach: Die Kunst der Fuge (I)
6▶CD: J. S. Bach: Die Kunst der Fuge (II) / Canone
7▶CD: J. S. Bach: Trio Sonatas
8▶CD: J. S. Bach: Violin Sonatas nos. 1-5
9▶CD: J. S. Bach: Violin Sonata no. 6 / Violin Sonatas, Fugue & Suite
10▶CD: J. S. Bach: Violin Sonatas / Gamba Sonatas nos. 1 & 2
11▶CD: J. S. Bach: Gamba Sonata no. 3 / Violin Sonata, BWV 1019a / Flute Sonatas
12▶CD: J. S. Bach: Flute Sonatas & Partita
13▶CD: J. S. Bach: Secular Cantatas (I)
14▶CD: J. S. Bach: Secular Cantatas (II)
15▶CD: J. S. Bach: Wedding Cantatas
16▶CD: C. P. E. Bach, W. F. Bach: Concertos for 2 Harpsichords
17▶CD: Bachiana: Music by the Bach Family
18▶CD: Bachiana: Double Concertos
19▶CD: Cantatas by the Bach Family Before Johan Sebastian (I)
20▶CD: Cantatas by the Bach Family Before Johan Sebastian (II)
21▶CD: Lamento: Arias and Cantatas by the Bach Family
22▶CD: Biber: Mensa sonora / Sonata representativa
23▶CD: Biber: Harmonia artificiosa (I)
24▶CD: Biber: Harmonia artificiosa (II)
25▶CD: Biber: Rosenkranz Sonatas (I)
26▶CD: Biber: Rosenkranz Sonatas (II) / Passacaglia
27▶CD: Biber: Missa Salisburgensis
28▶CD: Charpentier: Musiques sacrée
29▶CD: Clérambault: Orphée / Médée
30▶CD: Couperin: Les Nations (I)
31▶CD: Couperin: Les Nations (II)
32▶CD: Gilles: Requiem
33▶CD: Handel: Marian Cantatas & Arias
34▶CD: Hasse: Salve Regina
35▶CD: Haydn: Concerti, concertini & divertimenti (I)
36▶CD: Haydn: Concerti, concertini & divertimenti (II)
37▶CD: Heinichen: Dresden Concerti (I)
38▶CD: Heinichen: Dresden Concerti (II)
39▶CD: Heinichen: Lamentationes - Passionsmusik (I)
40▶CD: Lamentationes - Passionsmusik (II)
41▶CD: Leclair: Musique de chambre - Late Works
42▶CD: Le roi danse - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
43▶CD: Monteverdi: Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda / Lamento d'Arianna
44▶CD: Telemann: Tafelmusik (I)
45▶CD: Telemann: Tafelmusik (II)
46▶CD: Telemann: Tafelmusik (III)
47▶CD: Telemann: Tafelmusik (IV)
48▶CD: Telemann: Wassermusik / 3 Concertos
49▶CD: Telemann: Wind Concertos
50▶CD: Telemann: String Concertos (I)
51▶CD: Telemann: Sinfonia spirituosa / String Concertos (II)
52▶CD: Telemann: Chamber Concertos
53▶CD: Telemann: Flute Quartets
54▶CD: Telemann: Overture / Ino
55▶CD: Veracini: 5 Overtures
56▶CD: Vivaldi: Concerti da camera
57▶CD: Concerti per flauto: Mancini, Sarri, Barbella, Valentine
58▶CD: Le Parnasse français: Marais, Rebel, Couperin
59▶CD: Early Italian Violin Music: Gabrieli, Rossi, Fontana, Marini, Farina, Buonamente
60▶CD: German Chamber Music Before Bach (I): Reincken, J. S. Bach
61▶CD: German Chamber Music Before Bach (II): Buxtehude, Pachelbel
62▶CD: German Chamber Music Before Bach (III): Rosenmülkler, Schenck, Westhoff
63▶CD: Conversation Galante: Philidor, Francœur, Guillemain, Quentin
64▶CD: French Baroque Concertos: Blavet, Boismortier, Buffardin, Corrette, Quentin
65▼CD: Pachelbel: Canon & Gigue / J. S. Bach, Handel, Vivaldi
#TitleArtistRatingLength
1Canon and Gigue in D major
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
recording of:
Canon and Gigue in D major, P. 37, T. 337 (in 1983-04)
composer:
Johann Pachelbel (composer)
part of:
Thematic Catalogue of the Musical Works of Johann Pachelbel (Pachelbel catalogue by Jean M. Perreault) (number: P. 37), Johann Pachelbel: Organist, Teacher, Composer, A Critical Reexamination of His Life, Works, and Historical Significance (Pachelbel catalogue by Kathryn Janes Welter) (number: PC. 358) and Archive of Johann Pachelbel’s Works (Pachelbel catalogue by Hideo Tsukamoto) (number: T. 337)
Johann Pachelbel4:47
2Trio Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in G major, HWV 399 (op. 5/4): 1. Allegro
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1983-04)
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
partial recording of:
Trio Sonata in G major, op. 5 no. 4, HWV 399 (in 1983-04)
composer:
George Frideric Handel (German‐British baroque composer)
part of:
Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (number: HWV 399)
part of:
Trio Sonatas, op. 5
George Frideric Handel2:02
3Trio Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in G major, HWV 399 (op. 5/4): 2. A tempo ordinario - Allegro non presto
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1983-04)
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
partial recording of:
Trio Sonata in G major, op. 5 no. 4, HWV 399 (in 1983-04)
composer:
George Frideric Handel (German‐British baroque composer)
part of:
Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (number: HWV 399)
part of:
Trio Sonatas, op. 5
George Frideric Handel4:15
4Trio Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in G major, HWV 399 (op. 5/4): 3. Passecaille
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1983-04)
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
partial recording of:
Trio Sonata in G major, op. 5 no. 4, HWV 399 (in 1983-04)
composer:
George Frideric Handel (German‐British baroque composer)
part of:
Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (number: HWV 399)
part of:
Trio Sonatas, op. 5
George Frideric Handel4:39
5Trio Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in G major, HWV 399 (op. 5/4): 4. Gigue. Presto
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1983-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1983-04) and Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
partial recording of:
Trio Sonata in G major, op. 5 no. 4, HWV 399 (in 1983-04)
composer:
George Frideric Handel (German‐British baroque composer)
part of:
Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (number: HWV 399)
part of:
Trio Sonatas, op. 5
George Frideric Handel1:05
6Trio Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in G major, HWV 399 (op. 5/4): 5. Menuet. Allegro moderato
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1983-04)
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1983-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1983-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1983-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1983-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1983-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
partial recording of:
Trio Sonata in G major, op. 5 no. 4, HWV 399 (in 1983-04)
composer:
George Frideric Handel (German‐British baroque composer)
part of:
Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (number: HWV 399)
part of:
Trio Sonatas, op. 5
George Frideric Handel1:05
7Sonata for 2 Violins and Basso continuo in D minor “La Follia”, RV 63
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Andreas Staier (in 1982-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Jörg Iwaschuta
recorded at:
Zentralsaal in Bamberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Germany (in 1983-04)
engineered at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany
recording of:
Trio Sonata in D minor, op. 1 no. 12, RV 63 "La follia" (in 1982-04)
composer:
Antonio Vivaldi (Italian baroque composer and violinist)
part of:
Ryom-Verzeichnis (number: RV 63) and Catalogo numerico-tematico delle opere strumentali (Antonio Vivaldi) (number: F. XIII/28)
is based on:
Folia
part of:
12 Trio Sonatas, op. 1
Antonio Vivaldi8:47
8Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 1. Ouverture
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: I. Ouverture (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: I. Overture) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
orchestration of:
Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: I. Ouverture (orch. Stokowski)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach10:09
9Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 2. Rondeau
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: II. Rondeau (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: II. Rondeau) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach1:53
10Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 3. Sarabande
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: III. Sarabande (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: III. Sarabande) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach3:14
11Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 4. Bourrée I - Bourrée II
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: IV. Bourrée I & II (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: IV. Bourrée I & II) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach1:34
12Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 5. Polonaise - Double
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: V. Polonaise & Double (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: V. Polonaise & Double) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach2:50
13Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 6. Menuet
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: VI. Menuet (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: VI. Menuet) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach1:05
14Orchestral Suite (Overture) no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: 7. Badinerie
executive producer:
Dr. Andreas Holschneider
producer:
Wolfgang Mitlehner
cello:
Jaap ter Linden (cellist/violist/conductor) (in 1982-04)
harpsichord:
Henk Bouman (in 1982-04)
instruments and orchestra:
Musica Antiqua Köln (Musica Antiqua Cologne) (in 1982-04)
transverse flute:
Wilbert Hazelzet (flautist) (in 1982-04)
viola:
Karlheinz Steeb (in 1982-04)
viola da gamba:
Jean-Michel Forest (in 1982-04)
violin:
Hajo Bäß (viola player) (in 1982-04) and Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
conductor:
Reinhard Goebel (violinist and conductor) (in 1982-04)
balance engineer:
Wolf‐Dieter Karwatky and Wolfgang Mitlehner
recorded at:
Friedrich-Ebert-Halle in Hamburg, Germany (in 1982-04)
recording of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067: VII. Badinerie (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067: VII. Badinerie) (in 1982-04)
composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach (German Baroque period composer & musician)
part of:
Orchestersuite Nr. 2 h-Moll, BWV 1067 (Orchestral Suite no. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067)
Johann Sebastian Bach1:18
66▶CD: De profundis: Schütz, Tunder, Bruhns, Weckmann, Strungk
67▶CD: Scherzi Musicali: Biber, Schmelzer, Walther
68▶CD: Concerti: Torelli, Mossi, Valentini, Locatelli, Leo
69▶CD: Rebel: Les Élémens / Gluck: Alessandro
70▶CD: Concerti “per L'orchestra di Dresda”
71▶CD: Chaconne: Blow, Corelli, Muffat, Pezel, Purcell
72▶CD: Sonata pro tabula: Biber, Schmelzer, Bertali, Pezel, Valentini
73▶CD: Lamenti: Monteverdi, Vivaldi, Purcell, Bertali, Legrenzi
74▶CD: Musica Baltica
75▶CD: Reinhard Goebel in Gespräch: Interviews with music examples - J. S. Bach, Gilles, Handel, Mozart, Ockeghem etc.